fbpx

Tag Archives: letters

Letters to the Editor: Reframing?

I hope you print this letter, though it may not reflect favorably on TAS.

Multiple articles in the October issue on the “MoFi Mess/Controversy” tried to reframe the discovery of a digital file in the MoFi LP-making process as either no big deal (Valin: “[audiophiles should] show some charity”) or even a blessing in disguise (Harley: “there’s an argument that an LP can sound better than the digital file from which it was created”). This latter offers two explanations of how this can be which do not bear scrutiny. The first is maybe when the digital signal is converted to mechanical motion at the lathe cutting head, it is somehow better than if a DAC sent the result directly to a preamplifier. Huh? The second is that MoFi’s DAC that did the job (as long ago as 2007) is likely better than my present (in 2022) or future DAC. Both explanations disregard the enormous improvement in DAC technology (jitter and timing control) in the last two decades and that many DACs in 2022 are superior to what MoFi used, which by the way, is not revealed.

It’s time to just admit the “analog-only” crowd got fooled into recognizing that D-A conversion can sound so good, they cannot tell it was ever there.

Noah Riess

 

JV replies: Though it may not reflect favorably on you, you apparently didn’t read my editorial very carefully. I’m on record (and the TAS SuperLP List, which I compile and write, proves it) recommending many LPs that were not only mastered but recorded digitally. As I said in my editorial, “AAA provenance” doesn’t matter to me the way it does to certain analog traditionalists. If a record sounds good, it sounds good.

I also need to point some things out here to those of you who seem to be gloating over the digital duplication step taken in the creation of certain MoFi LPs (and the “deafness” and self-delusion of those analog hounds who have liked them). What everyone in this “let-them-eat-digital” crowd seems to be ignoring is: a) the digital copy MoFi used was made from an analog original (and not just any old analog tape but the actual mastertape, complete with splices, stored in the studio vaults); b) though that tape was painstakingly copied to DSD (with continual azimuth adjustments between splices), the sometimes superior sound of these MoFi One-Steps isn’t simply the result of the superior transparency of digital duplication; it is also the result of the superior resolution of analog recording (you can’t tell me that digitizing an analog source is adding detail that wasn’t recorded on the tape itself—it is simply, or not so simply, preserving detail that was already there); c) digital duplication of analog masters notwithstanding, MoFi is mastering its tapes in the analog realm, using Tim de Paravicini’s bespoke EQ electronics, and cutting them to vinyl on a lathe powered by de Paravicini tube amplifiers. In other words, there is still an awful lot of analog—and “old-fashioned” glass analog, at that—in MoFi’s “digital” discs. On top of this, LPs, regardless of their provenance, do not sound like CDs, SACDs, or hi-res digital downloads or streams of the same material. They have their own sound, which many of us continue to prefer for its superior lifelikeness. (BTW, Jim Davis is on record in our interview saying that, since 2014, MoFi has used Merging Technologies’ Horus A/D system for its hi-res DSD copies; before that, it used a Meitner A/D.)

RH replies: In my explanation of why an LP cut from a digital file may sound better than the file itself I was quoting famed mastering engineer, Sheffield Lab co-founder, and father of the modern direct-to-disc record, Doug Sax. I don’t know anyone who knows more about LPs than Sax and was simply sharing his viewpoint.

The post Letters to the Editor: Reframing? appeared first on The Absolute Sound.

Letters: Digital and Analog Resolution, RH replies

Analog and Digital Resolution

Some years back, in a review of the Benchmark AHB2 power amplifier, the reviewer opined that the differences between competently designed amplifiers had become so small that he thought that amplification was a “solved problem.” The editor of this magazine felt compelled to add a comment in parentheses right after this stating that this was not the opinion of the magazine. Were I him, I would have told you clearly what I thought of your comments in the middle of my article.

In issue 324 you have the always-analog JV stating that “analog tapes recorded at 15/30 ips are virtually infinite in resolution; they are continuous copies of a live event, without any of the myriad of tiny “gaps” (the little “bits” of missing information) of digital copies—the sound content of which must be filled in via the educated guesswork of your DAC.”

Where is the editorial comment? Analog tape does not have infinite resolution [Jonathan used the phrase “virtually infinite,” not “infinite.”—RH]. Not even close. Analog and digital recording produce different sorts of artifacts as they approach their resolution limits but neither has infinite resolution. This old saw frequently trotted out by analog addicts is nonsense and has always been nonsense. The resolving power of any record/playback system is revealed by the difference between the recorded signal and the playback. By any known measure, high-resolution digital PCM (even CD-resolution PCM) outperforms analog tape by a wide margin. How does worse dynamic range and 1000 percent more distortion equal better resolution? Believing in magic doesn’t make it real. I would have thought this statement deserved a parenthetical comment that it showed a profound misunderstanding of both analog and digital recording.  

– Bob Wortman

 

RH replies: Your assertion that “even CD-resolution PCM outperforms analog tape by a wide margin” is simply wrong, both on a technical level and experientially. The term “resolution” is grossly misunderstood in digital audio. Technically, resolution is the ability to distinguish between two closely spaced objects, events, or values. 

In the amplitude domain, digital audio has demonstrably lower resolution than analog tape because it has a finite number of quantization steps (65,536 for 16-bit PCM). When an analog value falls between two quantization steps, the quantizer assigns the closest value, even though the quantized value doesn’t precisely represent the analog signal’s amplitude at the sample point. Think of it as rounding error. In addition to this theoretical problem of quantization error, manufacturing tolerances mean that the steps between the discrete values are not perfectly uniform. This introduces even greater uncertainty in the digital representation of an analog waveform’s amplitude—lower resolution, in other words. 

Further, the resolution of a digital system isn’t defined by the number of quantization steps available (the aforementioned 65,536 steps for CD-quality audio), but by the number of steps being used at any given moment. A quiet musical passage may be encoded with only four bits, which can encode just 16 discrete amplitude levels. 

In the time domain, resolution is the ability of the system to distinguish between two events closely spaced in time. The time smearing and ringing introduced by digital filters, particularly those required for 44.1kHz sampling (smearing on the order of 5µs), makes it impossible to distinguish between two closely spaced sonic events—again, lower resolution.

Contrast the discrete nature of digital audio with the virtual continuousness of analog tape recording. First, analog tape doesn’t introduce the time-domain smearing of digital filters. Secondly, the needle-shaped magnetic particles on tape are 0.5 to 0.1µm in size (about 800 such particles equal the width of a human hair), and each particle can contain more than one magnetic “domain” that can be independently magnetized. Each inch of tape is coated with many tens or hundreds of millions of such particles. When viewed in this light, I think that Jonathan’s description of magnetic-tape resolution as “virtually infinite” is accurate. 

Open-reel analog tape has its shortcomings, but resolution, in the true sense of that word, is not one of them. 

The post Letters: Digital and Analog Resolution, RH replies appeared first on The Absolute Sound.

Select your currency